Why do we learn ?

  • to gather info
  • to learn info
  • to check for understanding
  • to refresh ourselves
  • improve our learning / study skills.

How do we learn?

  • visual - image/video/graph
  • auditory - audio/ vocal/ saying loud
  • Kinesthetic - learn by doing

acrostics

features

  • Sequence of letter
  • make a poem or sentence
  • 1st letter help you remember

example - to learn all planets name sequentially

My Very Excellent Mother Just Served Us Nothing 
M - Mercury
V - Venus
E - Earth
M - Mars
J - Jupiter
S - Saturn
U - Uranus
N - Neptune

example - treble clip for music students

Every good boy deserved fun(EGBDF)

example - trigonometry

Sausages only half cooked are harmful to our appetites 
Sin = Opposite / hypotenuse 
cos = Adjacent / hypotenuse 
Sin = Opposite / Adjacent

Acronyms

IPMAT - the stage of cell division 
I - Interphase
P  - Prophase
M - Metaphase
A - Anaphase
T - Telophase

BEDMAS - right order of math operation 
B - Brackets
E - Exponents
D - Division
M - Multiplication
A - Addition
S - Subtraction

HOMES - Great Lake in America
H - Huron 
R - Ontario
M - Michigan
E - Erie
S - Superior

Analogies

Comparison between unlike things that has something in common.

This sentences contain following

"it's like as"
"it's same as"
"think of it as"

Mnemonics - organizing and memorizing info

It has 3 principle

  • Imagination
  • Association
  • Location

Reading

  1. Speed
    • relax
    • focus
    • use ruler / card / pen to guide eyes
    • force eyes to keep up
    • don’t fixate one each word.
  2. Skim
    • General Idea / gist / overview of each paragraph
    • More info in less time
    • Read first and last bit of each section
    • See where its going / what it covers
  3. Scan - like phonebook
    • read quickly for specific info
    • use heading title formatting etc
    • don’t read every word
    • don’t aiming to understand everything

Keywords

large amount of content remember by single word

Tree diagram - possible outcome from a event

  • relationship
  • genealogy (family history)
  • faults
  • organization chart ( like employee hierarchy )
  • WBS(work breakdown structure )

spider diagram

Complex topic in one page. Its kind of bird’s eye view.

mind maps

  • generate idea and association
  • Visually organize info
  • Main concept in middle
  • additional information can add easily
  • we can use image, words, idea, fun

concept diagram

Relationship - ideas, images, words

  • Everything connect
  • Logical thinking
  • Enhance meaningful learning

CUE - Flash cards

  • One side contain keyword / Question
  • Other side contain Answer / Explanation

Note taking - Skeleton system

Skeleton is suitable for books, article, number of point, paragraph, sequential building

9 techniques are following

  1. re-read big picture
  2. re-write connection / relationship
  3. Question yourself what you’ve written
  4. Ask “Do I understand this?”
  5. Is info consistent
  6. Look for additional info
  7. Do symbols and abbreviation make sense
  8. Highlight important word or concept
  9. condense: diagram, color, image, keywords

cons of Skeleton approach is

  • difficult to add or amend
  • don’t show connection / relationship
  • easy to copy verbatim & not understand

Note taking - Cornell Note taking system

cornell note taking template
People refereed as “Do it right 1st time method”

  • structured and common sense
  • clear note you can engage with
  • clear material to revise from
  • aids to recall

Pros:

  • clear set of condensed key ideas
  • can be used in lectures
  • engagement and recall material
  • note will be become valuable study resource

studying from book using PQRST and SQ3R method

Technique of PQRST

  • Preview - skim major headlines / pints
  • Question - formulate
  • Read material that relate to Q’s
  • Summarize
  • Test your ability to answer Q’s

Pros of PQRST

  • Directly relate to questions
  • Adaptable
  • Practice timing
  • Potential to preempt Q’s

Technique of SQ3R

  • Survey - general gist / big to small
  • Question yourself - active process - why, what ( like what I already know about this subject )
  • Read - Skim preview, again notes, look for answer
  • Recall - Think, assimilate, recall
  • Review -
    • Do you understand ?
    • Did you identify all main points ?
    • are there gaps ?

Triple strength of learning

  1. See
  2. Hear
  3. Say

Quadruple strength of learning

  1. See
  2. Hear
  3. Say
  4. Write

Prioritization - traffic light approach (gor - essential - desirable - limitless time)

traffic light approach

green - essential - study first

Essential to know (for exam). Should be studied 1st fundamental concept maybe 1st on a syllabus

orange - desirable

Important but time consuming

Red - Limitless time

lowest priority - complex topic / low return

Method of Loci -

come from word locus. locus = place

  • Invest time to practice
  • Immerse yourself in the place
  • Active not passive
  • Familiar to obscure
  • Need emotional / visual images - not boring
  • Consider smell and noises as well

Peg / Hook

Associate 1 - 10 with words that rhyme
Associate words with info to remember

  1. bun
  2. shoe
  3. tree
  4. door
  5. hive
  6. sticks
  7. heaven
  8. gate
  9. wine
  10. hen

example - world is the third planet in solar system. It contains lot of tree. so we can rhymes with three earth holding tree

Auditory approach

  1. Talking out loud
  2. Ask questions
  3. Group discussion
  4. Use word association

Don’t miss anything - BRG

Founded by Royal Literary fund. Every part of Q is considered.

  • Black - BLAtant instructions (Must be done)
  • Red - REquired / Reference ( input of some sort of definition, terms, author, theories etc)
  • Green - GREmlins / GREen light (Signal you might miss or hint)

Don’t miss anything - PEE

to make a great paragraph

  • Makes a Point
  • Provide Evidence
  • Include Explanation, Examples,
  • Evaluations what you wrote earlier

Consider

  • having space after paragraph ( it will help you to add additional info later)
  • add additional info
  • signal moving into next point
  • ease of reading

a general strategy - ASPIRE

A - approach / attitude / arrange

  • approach with +ve attitude
  • arrange schedules
  • limit distraction

S - select / survey / scan

  • select block of material to study
  • survey, heading, graphics & Q’s (overview)
  • Scan for keyword
  • mark what you don’t understand

P - Piece together the parts

  • Put books and notes to one side
  • Piece together what you’ve studied
  • Piece together what you’ve understand

I - investigate, inquire, inspect

  • Investigate alternative source of info
  • Inquire from other sources, Prof, experts.
  • Inspect what you don’t understand ( please be honest with you)

R - Reexamine, Reflect, Relay

  • Re-examine what question do I still need to ask
  • Re-examine am I missing something
  • Reflect on how you can apply this info

Case study - learning plants cell

A plant cell like a school

  • Cell wall - Protective school walls
  • Cell membrane - School door letting things in and out
  • cytoplasm - air surrounding everything
  • Chloroplasts - Canteen - where food is made
  • mitochondria - football field - food converted into energy
  • nucleus - head master room - control center
  • nucleolus - copy machine - where DNA is copied

summary 2 is very important - more about